Water Analysis : To Estimate The Amount Of Phosphorus Phosphate In The Given Sample

INTRODUCTION:

Phosphorus Occurs in natural waste water almost soley as phosphate. These are classified as orthophosphate condensed phosphate organically bound phosphate are applied as fertillizer to agricultural residential cultivated land are carried out to ground waters. This forms of phosphate arise from variety of sources. This occurs in solution in particle or detriters or in bodies of in aquatic organism.

Phosphorus is essential for growth of organism and can be nutrient that limits the primary productivity of body of water in instancy where phosphorus broth liniting nutrient or treated or treated water. Agricultural orannage certain industrial waste water. Test immunate photo lequane micro, macro organism in new senic quantity. Phosphate occurs in bottom sediment in biological sludge and both precipitated in organic forms incorporated into organic compound.

TYPE OF METHOD

A. DIGESTION METHOD

  1. Perchlorate acid digestion.

  2. Sulfuric acid, nitric acid digestion.

  3. Persulfate digestion method.

B. COLORIMETRIC METHODS

  1. Vandomollybdeum phosphoric acid method ( 1-2 mgp/1)

  2 Stannous chloride method (0.01-6 mgp/1)

  3. Ascorbic acid method (0.01-6mgp/1)

PRINCIPLE

Ammonia molybled react in acid methium with orthophosphate to form hetropoly acid phosphomolybdic acid. That reduced intentionally colored molybdeum by ascorbic acid. This blue colored mixture at 880nm using spectrophotometer.

REQUIREMENT

     1.  5N H2SO4

    -conc.H2SO4 (70ml)

    -Make final vol (500ml)

2.  Potassium ammonical titrate solution.

     -K(SO6O)C4H4O6.1/2H2O (1.375g)

     -D/W (500ml)

3. Ammonium molybled solution.

    -(NH4)6HO7O24 (20g)

    -D/W (500ml)

4. Ascorbic acid solution

     -Ascorbic acid (1.76g)

     -D/W (100ml) 
5. Combined reagent (always fresh)

             -  Solution 50ml

             -  Solution 5ml

             -  Solution 15ml

             -  Solution 30ml

Let all reagent before they are mixed in order given above. Mixed wel, After addition of reagent, If turbidity appear combine reagent. Shake it let it Shake for few minutes. This reagent stable for 4 hours.

 6. KH2PO4 (219.5mg) (1ml=500𝝁g)

     -D/W (100ml)

 7. Standerd phosphate solution.

    - stike solution (10ml)

    - D/W (90ml)

 8. Pipette, test tube

 9. Spectrophotmetric meter.

PROCEDURE

         -       Take different aliquote solution 1ml to 5ml.

         -       Don’t add phosphate in blank tube.

         -       Take three different unknown sample.

         -        Make final volume in 10ml D/W.

         -         Add 1.6 ml of combine reagent of all the tube.

         -         Incubate at room temperature for 15mins.

         -         Measure the absorbance of 800nm using spectrophotometer.

         -         Prepare standard graph of absorbance of standard sample against concentration of phosphate.

         -         Find out the Conc. Of unknown sample using std.curve.

OBSERVATION TABLE:

SR NO.	PO4.P (𝝁gs)	PO4.P (ml)	D/W (ml)	Combined reagent (ml)		OD at 880nm
B
S1
S2
S3					Incubate
S4					At
S5					Room
					Temperature
AE1					For
AE2					15mins
AE3
BE1
BE2
BE3